Krishna earlier advised 𝙖𝙗𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙨𝙖 𝙮𝙤𝙜𝙖 (yoga of practice) in case one is unable to fix the mind on Him. He further says, "If you are unable to do 𝙖𝙗𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙨𝙖 , be diligent in performing actions in thought of me. Even by engaging in activities for my sake, you shall attain divine bliss (𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙙𝙝𝙞) . If you are unable to do even this, remaining attached to Me as your shelter, relinquish the fruits of all actions to be centred in the self (𝙖𝙩𝙢𝙖-𝙫𝙖𝙖𝙣) " (12.10 and 12.11).

Every 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙢𝙖 (action) has a 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙖 (doer) and 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙥𝙝𝙖𝙡 (fruits of action). One path is dropping 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙝𝙖  which Krishna referred to as 'performing actions in thought of Me'. In other words this is dedicating the sense of doership to 𝙋𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙢𝙖 . Another path is renouncing the fruits of action.

Krishna says, "Better indeed is 𝙜𝙮𝙖𝙣 (awareness) than 𝙖𝙗𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙨𝙖  (practice); better than 𝙜𝙮𝙖𝙣 is 𝙙𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙣 (meditation); better than 𝙙𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙣 is renunciation of the fruits of actions; peace immediately follows such renunciation" (12.12).

𝙂𝙮𝙖𝙣 can be awareness attained through our own experiences or attained through the wisdom taught by enlightened people. Awareness requires changing ourselves which is not an ordinary task. 𝘿𝙝𝙮𝙖𝙣 is an easier option for someone who finds it difficult to change themselves.

Performing 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙨 by renouncing the fruits of action (2.47) is at the heart of the Bhagavad Gita. The fundamental question we face in this regard is how do we measure our progress along this path. Krishna gave a benchmark together with an assurance that peace ( 𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙞 𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝-𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙞 ) immediately follows when we renounce the fruits of actions. This is irrespective of how successful or unsuccessful we are; how good or bad our external situations are. This benchmark of attaining  ' 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝-𝙨𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙞  ' can be used to measure our progress in the spiritual journey.